Chandrayaan III
When Chandrayaan II was launched in 2019, the goal was to send a robotic rover over the moon’s surface to collect data. However, Chandrayaan II veered from its intended path and was unable to land softly. Chandrayan III is scheduled to launch in 2022 to complete the objectives set for Chandrayan II. Chandrayaan III will be designed differently than Chandrayaan II. It will have a lander and rover similar to Chandrayaan II but will not have an orbiter.
Gaganyaan: India’s First Human Space Flight Mission
One of the most exciting missions of ISRO, Gaganyaan will be the first manned spacecraft ISRO is designing. It is likely to carry a team of two to three people. It was supposed to be launched in 2021, but due to covid, the launch has been delayed. Various components of the Gaganyaan are being designed by different bodies. The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) already has successfully tested the crew module. DRDO has been tasked with providing space-safe food, healthcare etc for the astronauts on-board. The Gaganyaan is easily one of the most exciting upcoming ISRO missions on the cards.
Lunar Polar Exploration Mission
The Lunar Polar Exploration Mission, or LUPEX, is a robotic lunar exploration mission that will use a lunar rover and lander to study the Moon’s south pole region. ISRO has worked with the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) on this project, which is scheduled to launch in 2024. The Japanese space agency will provide the rover and the H3 launch vehicle for the mission, while ISRO will provide the lander.
Lunar Polar Exploration Mission – Wikipedia
Aditya-L1
The Aditya L-1 spacecraft, scheduled for flight in early 2022, will be India’s first solar mission to date. For this endeavour, ISRO would work with numerous scientific institutes across India. Aditya L-1 is expected to collect data on the solar photosphere (the sun’s outer shell), chromosphere (the sun’s second layer), and corona (the outer atmosphere that surrounds the sun). Because the sun cannot be observed from the same vantage point as other celestial bodies, it has long been a mystery to humans. Aditya L-1 attempts to provide answers to some of these unresolved questions.
RISAT 1A
ISRO is developing the RISAT 1A remote sensing satellite. A remote sensing satellite collects data without physically contacting the thing. The RISAT 1A will primarily be utilised for terrain mapping in order to identify soil moisture across a variety of surfaces.
Earth Observation Satellite – 04 (formerly known as RISAT-1A) – Wikipedia
NISAR
NISAR, or NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar, is a joint effort between ISRO and NASA. Objects are imaged in 2D and 3D using synthetic aperture radar. The NISAR satellite will be used to monitor numerous natural processes on Earth. NISAR will be the most costly satellite to scan the Earth, costing $1.5 billion.
Mangalyaan-2
India became the first country to successfully launch a spacecraft into Mars orbit on its first attempt in 2014. Mangalyaan had such an impact that it immediately put ISRO on the map. Mangalyaan-2, which is set to launch in 2025, will be designed to enter a more favourable orbit for improved observation.
Mars Orbiter Mission 2 – Wikipedia
Shukrayaan
The Shukrayaan, as the name implies, is an ISRO-proposed mission that will orbit Venus and collect data on its atmosphere and surface. For this project, ISRO may partner with the French space agency (CNES), and preliminary conversations are ongoing.
India’s Own Space Station
Following the historic Gaganyaan Mission, which is scheduled to launch in 2022, ISRO has been looking forward to building its own space station in the near future. It will reportedly weigh around 20 tonnes and hold astronauts for about 15-20 days. The space station will be released in an orbit 400 kilometres above the Earth. ISRO may need 5-7 years after the launch of Gaganyaan to complete this mission.
India to have its own space station: ISRO – The Hindu
SPADEX
ISRO had planned to launch its experimental space docking system in 2020, however the mission was postponed because to the epidemic. The uniting of two airborne objects in space is referred to as docking. This layout can be utilised to expand the overall building or to move cargo or astronauts from one location to another. India intends to launch two satellites and dock them together as part of the SPADEX programme.
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